Thinking Meat put me onto this 2002 article Will Science Die Again? The article starts as follows:
A wondrously unique revolution in human thinking began 2500 years ago in Ionia. This revolution was that the underlying harmony of the Universe was accessible by observation and experiment without invoking the supernatural. Previously humans had always believed that the Universe was manipulated and controlled by one or more gods. This new way of thinking marked the beginning of science, and this science flourished for approximately 200 years and died.and concludes
Many people seem to think that simply ignoring the irrational religious forces that have led mankind down a blind alley for so long will eventually make them go away. But history teaches us that vigorous effort will be required to ensure that science survives.
Now we need to be careful here not to make this science against religion per se. Irish monks it is argued saved civilisation during the dark ages. It was Aquinas who rescued the scientific work of Aristotle for the west, and he got it from the Arabs who really were civilised. In addition the article has some clear historical errors relating to the role of slavery and reasons for the reduction in experimental science. For example, the author does not mention the role of the Romans who were the first society dominated by engineers: Six Stigma, Nero fiddling while Rome burnt: & Crucifixion, now there is an association. I get irritated with the science OR religion approach and there are times when I would like to lock up Richard Dawkins with the American Taliban. They both have the same dangerous evangelical intolerance of views other than their own.
However there is a serious point here. Its about the limits of tolerance. It is characteristic of listservs (less so thankfully of blogs) that many participants shy away from debate, they want consensus or suggest variations on the theme of all views are equally valid. There is also a tendency to think that an argument against someone's views (particularly a socratic one that seeks to point out contradictions) is an assertion that the person making the argument is asserting that they are right. This is far from the case as anyone who grew up on the delights of The Symposium knows it is possible to establish that something is wrong, without necessarily asserting that one has the right answer. To do so is the nature of any intelligence, let alone scientific enquiry to which it is critical. Now faced with a view that knowledge management is merely information management, or yet another simplistic and linear management model, then socratic argument is to my mind appropriate or necessary, at least for a period. It may upset people who are not used to having their ideas challenged, but is an essential part of developing understanding.
Taking all of that into account, there is an extreme at which engagement with a view that combines stupidity (intelligent design) with attempts at political power (the religious right), is to give it credibility. Such views are to be fought. Liberal attempts to accommodate all views did the Weimar Republic little good. Neither will tolerance work in dealing with the growing body of supposedly respectable politicians who are awaiting the rapture and thus do not see the point of dealing with issues such as global warming. Society seems to live constantly on the edge of lapse into Fascism and the fight against that is no less important than it was in the 30's or the 70's.
Comments (11)
... there is an extreme at which engagement with a view ... is to give it credibility.
Is that because the "engagement" is one-sided, and all it achieves is drawing "names" into propaganda?
Such views are to be fought.
Absolutely, but how with a lack of engagement?
Posted by Mark | May 28, 2007 12:44 AM
Posted on May 28, 2007 00:44
Great points Mark as ever. I think that one fights it initially for hearts and minds, and with the Law. We have legislation on Racism and also on conspiracy for terrorism. It seems to me that the hate based outpourings of the religious right should be as subject to control as that of extreme muslim clerics or racists. If that fails then on the streets as people did in London in the 30s and I and others did in the 70's against the national front.
Posted by Dave Snowden
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May 28, 2007 12:52 AM
Posted on May 28, 2007 00:52
In the movements toward increasing complexity (wholeness) mankind 'staggers' mainly forwards - driven at the edge of a 'ragged vortex' or 'staircase' -- A 'take' on some Goethe out of some recent learning from At de Lange, who could practice what many teach (sic) when it came to Socratic dialogue (all imho of course ;-)
Andrew
Posted by andrew campbell | May 28, 2007 5:41 AM
Posted on May 28, 2007 05:41
Can't believe you missed the opportunity to note the opening of the first ever "Creationism Museum." No, sadly, this is not a celebration of a belief relegated to the 'ash-heap of history' - but an attempt to Disnefy the idea that the Earth is only a few thousand years old...
http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2007/05/28/EDGFKQ1SI91.DTL
Posted by JB | May 28, 2007 2:22 PM
Posted on May 28, 2007 14:22
I did, I did, see here
Posted by Dave Snowden
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May 28, 2007 2:32 PM
Posted on May 28, 2007 14:32
I am struggling with Jerry Ravetz' 'the no-nonsense guide to science' at the moment and the concept of post-normal science. I am not entirely convinced that there ever was a normal science, or that there was a golden age when scientists got their inference or statistical analysis right, but the idea of saying that things are now different is dangerous.
The view that we need to get away from science OR religion is very important, though.
Posted by Brian Sherwood Jones | May 29, 2007 9:57 AM
Posted on May 29, 2007 09:57
I think it will be helpful if we acknowledge the old distinction of truth, reality, and beauty. It's just different (orthogonal) dimensions, and science (like economics - I don't want to expand to (transcendent) religion here) is moral-free. Which is good(!) news since any argument based upon science intrinsically lacks the moral dimension. Science does not include ethics; Scientific reasoning alone is not ethical, it's just something different.
And this means that when it comes to politics (yet another dimension) - yes, there are limits to tolerance, of course, and they have noting to do with science or (transcendent aspects of) religion. They have to do with politics, that is.
Another topic: "Or" is a very very tricky word. The common language meaning of "and" often corresponds to what OR means in Boolean logic. And natural language "or" often means Boolean XOR (meaning: A is fine, B is fine, AB is not, nothing is not). Thus, what does "Science or Religion" mean?. Add to this the trouble with undeclared assumptions of Tertium non datur. Messy, very messy.
Can science disappear? No, but it is in danger of becoming less relevant. Scientific thinking is a particular worldview, there were times (and there are places today) where it did exist, but only at the fringe of society. Not really important. It just competes with other worldviews, and it may lose. In the US mainstream culture, fundamentalistic religion is just as unscientific as Hollywood or the factories (I would not want to call them universities) that produce the MBAs. There are places where the importance of science (scientific thinking) is growing - growth is easier is you start lower. And elsewhere it roughly stays the same (Germany where I live, Switzerland where I work).
Posted by christianhauck
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May 30, 2007 11:03 AM
Posted on May 30, 2007 11:03
Yeah, on principle, maybe it isn't such a good idea to elect presidents who believe in Armageddon.
Posted by Steve Barth | May 31, 2007 7:44 AM
Posted on May 31, 2007 07:44
I love one of the multitude of Blaise Pascal's quotes: "People are usually more convinced by reasons they discovered themselves than by those found by others."
Posted by icanpress | June 3, 2007 11:54 AM
Posted on June 3, 2007 11:54
I am far from being an expert on the philosohpical arguments behind the science/religion debate, but the quote in Dave's post refers mainly to positivistic science "...the underlying harmony of the Universe was accessible by observation and experiment ...".
It seems to me that most religious arguments (arguments, not blind predjudices) are more on the side of science than the post-positivists are who claim to be in that same camp as them.
I agree that we need to win the masses. We would be wise to do that with rational debate and clear argument. This requires us to to gently expose and categorise the ideas and assumptions behind people's beliefs, and keep well away from emotional viewpoints like those put forward in Dan Brown's novels and in the use of straw-men and other manipulative tactics.
Yes, it requires us to go over simple truths again and again as each person walks their journey, but civility and patience have always been beneficial to understanding and respectful debate.
Once you take the biased statements away, both Dawkins and the ultra religious right don't have that much to add. And don't worry Dave, there are plenty of modern day Aquinas's working within the faiths to rescue reason and the evidence of observation. Science isn't going away any time soon.
Posted by Stuart French | June 6, 2007 3:09 AM
Posted on June 6, 2007 03:09
I agree with most of what you say Stuart, within limits! I think there is a point where apologists for the anti-science view, especially where it is linked with extreme intolerance (as is the case with the American Taliban) use reasoned argument to provide space and opportunity for their ideas to spread. Hence by reference to the Weimar Republic.
I would be interested as to names in respect of who you would consider a modern day Aquinas.
Posted by Dave Snowden
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June 9, 2007 8:21 AM
Posted on June 9, 2007 08:21